"On the Waterfront"-Elia Kazan-1954
There are 3 areas of significance that I propose to mention before I examine the film on the screen. First, it won 8 Oscars. Second, Marlon's performance is considered by many to be his greatest, and one of the greatest in American Film. Third, for Kazan the film is an answer to his and Bud Shulberg's experience with HUAC.
HUAC was the House Un-American Activities Committee. It investigated Communist activities in the US in the late 40's and early 50's.Hundreds of famous figures in the arts were called to testify before the Committee. Many famous names were "blacklisted" and couldn't work in Hollywood. Kazan's testimony named 8 other individuals. Shulberg also testified. Other famous individuals, Lillian Hellman, for instance, refused. It caused a break in Zazan's relationship with Arthur Miller. Miller's play "The Crucible" is his answer to the problem. "On the Waterfront" is Kazan's answer to his critics.
Marlon Brando set a new more natural paradigm in stage and screen acting. I should mention that I find some of Brando's work mannered. Brando emerged from the Actor's Studio, co-founded by Kazan, and took the stage and film world by storm. His Stanley Kowalski in both the stage and screen versions of "Streetcar Named Desire" was revolutionary. His Terry Malloy in Waterfront justly won him the best actor Oscar
Bud Shulberg wrote the original story and the screenplay based on real life events with the main characters based on real people. It was filmed in 30 days on the docks around Hoboken, New Jersey. The movie violence, mostly off camera, particularly the murders, was nearly replicated during the filming. Kazan was threatened many times and had bodyguards. The Union Local depicted in the movie had its charter pulled.
The story is fairly simple. A corrupt local Longshoreman's union, led by Lee J. Cobb-Johnny Friendly, murders a young popular member who is going to testify in court against the union. Terry Malloy unknowingly helps to set up the murder. He thought Doyle was going to be threatened and/or possibly beaten up. Doyle's sister Edie, Eva Marie Saint, is determined to find out who is responsible for her brother's death. She works with Father Brady, Karl Malden, to try and change the union by removing the corrupt leadership. Terry and Edie fall in love, and Terry is drawn into the conflict. Terry's older brother Charlie is the lawyer for the Union. He is tasked with bringing Terry back into the fold or killing him. In perhaps the film's most famous scene, the two brothers are in the backseat of the cab and Charlie pulls a gun on Tommy. Tommy had been a promising boxer "I could've been a contender' but Charlie and Johnny friendly had him throw fights to clean up on side bets. Charlie is ashamed and gives Tommy the gun. Charlie is murdered and hung on a hook; Tommy takes him down.
Tommy testifies in court against the union. The final scenes show Tommy fighting with Friendly, being beaten by Friendly's toughs, Edie and the priest tending to him, and finally a bloodied Tommy walking into
work followed by the other longshoremen who hadn't come to his aid during the beatdown. The ending has been often criticized as sentimental. They point out that Shulberg's original story has this character put into the East River in a barrel full of lye. Of course in real life the Tommy character survives, but he lives in obscurity. I think that this film served as a reference point for "Goodfellas."
The film is shot realistically on location. Technically, it is a triumph. However, it is Kazan's way with actors that really ensures its classic standing. Three key roles: Father Brady, Johnny Friendly, and Charlie Friendly received Oscar nominations for best supporting actor, none won. Eva Marie Saint and Brando did win. Kazan won best director, Shulberg won for best screenplay, the film won best picture. This is a great film; it holds up superbly. I believe that few Yarder's have seen it; those of you who like/love "Goodfellas" really must see this film. My highest rating.
I've seen this one a few times in recent years. No question this is high quality film, and it is highly watchable as well. My wife likes this one even more than me, she just adores this one. No question Brando is terrific in this film. Still, I find myself quite impressed with the performance of Karl Malden. I usually find in movies of this quality supporting performances that grab my attention, and Malden is that for me in this film. It may be a hangover from my teenage years when I was a fan of "Streets of San Francisco", but still, Malden really does it for me in this film. He had quite the film career before television came a calling for him.