I have a degree in IT, thank you. It actually doesn't have to be that hard to create a database that covers every person. We're getting there as we type.
Before things fall apart completely, there is zero doubt that we'll all be uniquely identifiable immediately upon contact with LEOs. DNA, Retina, Fingerprint, or just plain old facial recognition. Pocket supercomputers (smartphones) already have facial recognition.
Around the 1970s the computer and genetic engineering both started to take off. Here we are 48 years or so later and children walk around with super computers in their pockets and we are knocking on the door to genetically modified humans (a la Gattica).
There is little doubt that biometrics will be used as a normal, everyday ID at some point in the near future.
And why not? Almost everybody is content to have Google/Apple/NSA/Facebook know everything about them. Snowden, Assange, Facebook datasnooping and sales - it just doesn't matter. Few people, if any, care about privacy sufficiently to slow the avalanche.
At some point soon you'll walk into whole foods, pick your stuff up, and use your face as your ID to have the money debited from your account.
And as for a DBase that has all Americans in it - or darn close - I'd be shocked if it doesn't exist in a non-public form already.
With AI and time, it will continue to improve, until a camera set in Times Square can uniquely identify everybody passing closely enough.
How long before a Farenheit 451 Boston Robotics dog arrives at your door and requests a bio scan (a la Minority Report) in order to determine the location of a fugitive?
Not long.