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How is that zero sum? Zero sum would be if every year was the same assortment of players moving around. This is an out and up system. In this case top schools see off their talent to the pros/graduation, then pull a kid like Yaxel to fill in a spot. Then his departing school fills in that spot with a much less talented freshmen or lower level transfer. The cream is always rising in the current system.Yes, it's a zero sum game for roster spots. In your Michigan example they had 4 transfers in and 5 transfers out to varying levels of programs. But even if that wasn't the case it's still a zero sum game, because if they are replacing NBA Draft picks with those up transfers then that's a high school recruit they're not taking for that spot that is available now
Circle back pre portal, coach finds a hidden gem and kid gets generally stays up until the point they may be good enough to leave for the pros. That is a massive difference in how a cinderella shapes.
The portal started in 2019, NIL a couple years later. The portal entries have gone up from 1600 in 2022 to 2200 in 2025. Perhaps it's zero sum beyond the top 20 programs.