1976 Billie Jean Moore— 75 Pan Am, 75 World championship, 73 WUG,
1980 Sue Gunter— 76 Olympics
1984 Pat Head Summitt— 83 World,79 Pan am, others
1988 Kay Yow— 86 Goodwill, 86 World's, 84 Olympics, others
1992 Theresa Grentz—90 Goodwill, 90 World's, 85 R. William Jones Cup, others
1996 Tara Vanderveer— 94 Goodwill, 94 World's, 91 WUG, others
2000 Nell Fortner— 98 R. William Jones Cup, 95 National team, others
2004 Van Chancellor— 02 World's
2008 Anne Donovan— 04 Olympics,, 02 World's
2012 Geno Auriemma— 00 Junior World, 00 Olympics, others
The above is a partial list of other USA Basketball experience.
After filling it out, I realize it is a bit unfair, the next National Team Head Coach will start at the World's in 2014, so this may be like Van Chancellor, who had no USA Basketball experience before being (effectively) named the next Olympic coach. Still, it isn't the usual path.
After checking further, I think Van is the only exception - someone who headed the National team with no prior USA Basketball experience.