"The Battleship Potemkin"-Sergei Eisenstein-1925
Well into the 21st century this was considered one of the ten most influential films ever made. This is another one of those films I saw first the college film society. I am going to try and make a cogent argument as to why this is a must see. If you have an interest in cinema history and/or film technique; you may well already have seen this film; if not it should go on a to be viewed list now. If you are interested in the social impact of films and/or propaganda; this is a must see. Those of you who watch films for enjoyment are probably rolling your eyes upward at the sky at this moment. It is silent and in black and white, and I don't care how good the backstory is. My last gasp argument is memorable visual images. The type of images you can remember 50 years later without difficulty; this film has them. If I haven't caught your interest by now; return to whatever you were doing before.
This film was commissioned as part of an 8 film celebration of the 20th anniversary of the 1905 revolution. This is the only film which was actually made. Russia lost a war against Japan; there was massive urban discontent about working conditions, and there was a culmination of a long drive for constitutional government which resulted in a working Duma. The revolt of the crew of a Russian battleship was remarkable; naval mutiny is rare, and in Russia it was unheard of. What made this even more significant was that urban protesters and the sailors worked together. The first point of conflict was over rotten meat full of maggots. The sailors refused to eat the borscht; this behavior would not be tolerated by the officers. When the officers couldn't get the sailors to eat the food; they had a group of protestors covered with canvas and ordered them to be shot by a firing squad. At this point Vakulnichuk (the protest leader) tells the firing squad not to shoot; they don't, and the sailors take over the ship.
On land there are massive protests in Odessa; thousands march in the streets. Vakulnichuk's body is brought ashore as a rallying point. The city dwellers send provisions to the Battleship. Protest leaders from the city speak to the sailors aboard the Potemkin. The government has become worried; troops are sent to restore order. These troops are Cossacks, brutal mounted troops from the interior. They have been used by the Tsar's to put down revolts and terrorize minorities. They kill hundreds of men women and children in the city.
The film is divided into five chapters; the most famous chapter is "The Odessa Steps." The sequence wasn't n the original script, and it is ahistorical. Remember this film was conceived as a propaganda effort. Eisenstein and Edward Tisse, the cinematographer, designed a complicated sequence. Dismounted Cossacks appear at the top of a seemingly endless series of stairs. They are armed with rifles; they fire into the crowd. The crowd breaks up and hundreds start running down the steps away from shooters. Early a mother loses contact with her son; he is shot. She runs back and picks him up; she continues with the child in her arms running not away but toward the shooters. There are other images presented in a montage: a woman is shot in the face, a man with glasses is shot and then we view his glasses with a hole through the lens ; the Cossacks pause and then march metronomically down the steps, boots in perfect unison; they stop and fire again; we see little clusters of people crouching to hide; the troops keep moving down the stairs, but now they are joined by mounted Cossacks who attack people fleeing the shooting; a mother is shot in the stomach; she falls back into her baby carriage, and it bounces down the steps with her baby inside, and finally a woman with glasses
screams, and screams, and screams; her open mouthed anguish is shown multiple times.
One final note the film didn't have a score to be played when it was originally shown; however since that time many classical composers have written scores; the have been joined by many pop composers like the Beastie Boys. This is readily available in a variety of free downloads. Finally, when the film was first shown Eisenstein literally painted on the frames so that the flag the mutineers raise on the Potemkin would be red when the film was shown.
This is a great and enduring film. It still retains the ability to shock and move the viewer over 90 years from its first viewing.
Well into the 21st century this was considered one of the ten most influential films ever made. This is another one of those films I saw first the college film society. I am going to try and make a cogent argument as to why this is a must see. If you have an interest in cinema history and/or film technique; you may well already have seen this film; if not it should go on a to be viewed list now. If you are interested in the social impact of films and/or propaganda; this is a must see. Those of you who watch films for enjoyment are probably rolling your eyes upward at the sky at this moment. It is silent and in black and white, and I don't care how good the backstory is. My last gasp argument is memorable visual images. The type of images you can remember 50 years later without difficulty; this film has them. If I haven't caught your interest by now; return to whatever you were doing before.
This film was commissioned as part of an 8 film celebration of the 20th anniversary of the 1905 revolution. This is the only film which was actually made. Russia lost a war against Japan; there was massive urban discontent about working conditions, and there was a culmination of a long drive for constitutional government which resulted in a working Duma. The revolt of the crew of a Russian battleship was remarkable; naval mutiny is rare, and in Russia it was unheard of. What made this even more significant was that urban protesters and the sailors worked together. The first point of conflict was over rotten meat full of maggots. The sailors refused to eat the borscht; this behavior would not be tolerated by the officers. When the officers couldn't get the sailors to eat the food; they had a group of protestors covered with canvas and ordered them to be shot by a firing squad. At this point Vakulnichuk (the protest leader) tells the firing squad not to shoot; they don't, and the sailors take over the ship.
On land there are massive protests in Odessa; thousands march in the streets. Vakulnichuk's body is brought ashore as a rallying point. The city dwellers send provisions to the Battleship. Protest leaders from the city speak to the sailors aboard the Potemkin. The government has become worried; troops are sent to restore order. These troops are Cossacks, brutal mounted troops from the interior. They have been used by the Tsar's to put down revolts and terrorize minorities. They kill hundreds of men women and children in the city.
The film is divided into five chapters; the most famous chapter is "The Odessa Steps." The sequence wasn't n the original script, and it is ahistorical. Remember this film was conceived as a propaganda effort. Eisenstein and Edward Tisse, the cinematographer, designed a complicated sequence. Dismounted Cossacks appear at the top of a seemingly endless series of stairs. They are armed with rifles; they fire into the crowd. The crowd breaks up and hundreds start running down the steps away from shooters. Early a mother loses contact with her son; he is shot. She runs back and picks him up; she continues with the child in her arms running not away but toward the shooters. There are other images presented in a montage: a woman is shot in the face, a man with glasses is shot and then we view his glasses with a hole through the lens ; the Cossacks pause and then march metronomically down the steps, boots in perfect unison; they stop and fire again; we see little clusters of people crouching to hide; the troops keep moving down the stairs, but now they are joined by mounted Cossacks who attack people fleeing the shooting; a mother is shot in the stomach; she falls back into her baby carriage, and it bounces down the steps with her baby inside, and finally a woman with glasses
screams, and screams, and screams; her open mouthed anguish is shown multiple times.
One final note the film didn't have a score to be played when it was originally shown; however since that time many classical composers have written scores; the have been joined by many pop composers like the Beastie Boys. This is readily available in a variety of free downloads. Finally, when the film was first shown Eisenstein literally painted on the frames so that the flag the mutineers raise on the Potemkin would be red when the film was shown.
This is a great and enduring film. It still retains the ability to shock and move the viewer over 90 years from its first viewing.
r. Caligari (Werner Kraus) and Cesare (Conrad Veidt) have makeup which accentuates their otherness. Their looks influenced horror films for generations. The German Film Industry depended upon export markets. There was a post war depression/currency inflation in Germany; Hollywood had taken over the international film market. Comedy was king. German film makers were looking for something different. There were horror efforts as early as 1913 ("Student of Prague"). Wiene made one other famous horror film, "The Hands of Orlac",and quite a few others like "Genuine" which are essentially unavailable.