intlzncster
i fart in your general direction
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Easiest way to differentiate psychopaths and sociopaths: sociopaths simply don't care about the harm they cause other people through their behavior. Psychopaths actually gain enjoyment out of it.
This isn't a nature (genes) vs nurture (environment) debate. That debate doesn't even really exist anymore. It is fairly generally accepted that there is a constant two-way street where we can be born with certain genes that can predispose us to certain behavior, but those genes need to be activated by the proper environment. That's still not to say AH was born with any kind of "killer" gene(s). Teenage kids' brains are absolutely crazy. Spend a few hours learning some teenage dev psych and you'll understand and appreciate what I'm getting at here. The teenage brain is not fit to handle the chemical changes that go on. The behavior inhibition just isn't there to counteract the new found thirst for risk seeking yet. It's an incredibly easy way to start down the wrong path, which, as we may one day learn, is all it has to take. This is how 13 year olds from rich families get in to heroin and dealing in schools and we scratch our heads and wonder how.
Psychopaths and sociopaths are two different animals in this regard. Psychopaths often display tendencies before the age of 7, despite rearing. Sociopath is closer to a 'choice', given a certain biological component, while psychopath are far less so. Often, serial killers come from normal childhoods/backgrounds [eg Ted Bundy, Jeffrey Dahmer, Eric Harris, Richard Storlett, Paul Bernardo, Cary Staynor, et al] with no evidence of abuse. This article has a good description of the topic with reference to the nature/nurture debate above. It is still alive and well, although it is no longer either/or (and shouldn't be).
From another article:
It is also appears that the causes of psychopathy and sociopathy are quite different. It is likely that psychopathy is the result of “nature” (genetics) while sociopathy is the result of “nurture” (environment). According to the late David Lykken, a behavioral geneticist known for his studies on twins, psychopathy is related to a physiological defect that results in the underdevelopment of the part of the brain responsible for impulse control and emotions. Sociopathy, on the other hand, is more the product of childhood traumas and abuse. [LINK]
There's a strong biological strong component to psychopathy, and often rearing makes absolutely no difference. The parts of the brain requiring normal function just aren't there (do not work).
In the past several years studies of brain activity in individuals meeting the criteria for psychopathy have yielded some groundbreaking findings. CAT scans reveal that with psychopaths, areas of the brain typically associated with emotion, especially the integration of emotion with other mental constructs, do not operate in the same manner as they do with normal individuals. Show most people a picture of something typically associated with a sentiment (e.g., a wedding ceremony), and areas of the brain that process information about the event as well as areas of the brain involved in emotion both show activity. But show the same image to a psychopath, and although the area of the brain recognizing the image or event is active, the area of the brain typically associated with an emotional response appears dormant. Other brains studies measuring different aspects of the integration of emotions with other human experiences have shown the same abnormalities when it comes to psychopaths.
Very interesting discussion.