This is my understanding of the case as well. This case is not about whether this is a penalty, damages, etc. at all. This case is about whether the ACC By-Laws and the Procedures for Creating them and modifying them by the votes of the ACC Council of Presidents is in fact a Valid Contract in the State of North Carolina and that the University of Maryland is bound by the terms of the Contract since they were a member of the ACC.
Once the ACC By-Laws are determined to be a binding Contract. Then the exit fee provision is just a term of the contract that Maryland is bound by regardless of what it's about. Maryland may not have voted for it, but the Contract also has a provision for amendment that requires 75% vote or something. Once the By-Laws are determined to be a binding Contract, then Maryland is bound by the voting rules as well.
It's all about whether those By-Laws are in fact a contract. If it is a contract, then Maryland is paying.